This is (quite clearly) a male pheasant in its finest garb. The white ring around the neck shows that is probably a Mongolian ring-necked pheasant, or at least has some of those genes in it. Some have a thinner ring or none at all in which case it would likely be a Caucasus pheasant, at least in the UK. That is, if I've correctly interpreted Wikipedia's extensive page on the Common pheasant, which appears to be the catch-all term that covers these subspecies.